Netherlands bans gay conversion therapy after Senate majority backs new law

The Netherlands will ban so-called gay conversion therapy, after the Senate approved legislation introduced by D66, VVD, PRO, SP, and the Partij voor de Dieren. The law prohibits attempts to change a person’s sexual orientation through therapy.

Supporters of the bill argue that these practices can cause serious harm. They point to scientific studies suggesting a connection with depression, mental health issues, social problems, and in some cases suicidal thoughts or attempts.

Certain methods intended to change or suppress someone’s sexual orientation or gender identity were already prohibited, including practices such as shock therapy and the use of medication. The bill’s initiators argue that existing criminal law does not fully cover all harmful forms of conversion practices.

During parliamentary debate, Senator Peter Nicolaï of the Partij voor de Dieren cited examples such as prolonged psychological pressure, pseudo-therapeutic sessions, prayer-based healing, and exorcism, particularly when carried out within relationships of dependency.

The new legislation bans conversion therapy when it targets minors or adults in vulnerable situations. Anyone who violates the law can face fines of up to 27,500 euros or a prison term of up to two years. Professionals found to be involved in so-called “conversion” practices may also lose their right to practise.Professionals risk losing their right to practise if they are involved in so-called “gay conversion” practices. It will also be prohibited to provide or advertise such therapies.

COC Netherlands welcomed the ban, calling it a major step forward. Chair Myrtille Danse said it brings long-awaited justice for people who may endure lasting harm from conversion practices. She added that the notion of changing or “curing” someone’s sexual orientation is not grounded in reality. “You are good as you are,” she said.

The bill passed the Senate with a clear majority: 57 of the 75 members voted in favour in a recorded vote. D66 and VVD, the parties behind the proposal, welcomed the Senate’s approval. “With the approval of the Senate, years of commitment to freedom, equality, and human dignity have been rewarded,” the parties wrote.

Critics argue that it is unclear what the proposal adds to existing bans. They also warn that the law could place too many restrictions on care professionals and may infringe on freedom of religion.

Earlier, Senate member Peter Schalk of the SGP voiced concern that professionals such as psychologists, doctors, teachers, pastors and even parents could face fines or prison sentences if they do not immediately affirm what he described as children’s “confusing feelings.”